Article Evaluation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluation - Article Example p. 50) they primarily assumed depending on the research of Sutton, McKinney, and Hallahan (1992) that school settings affect student’s performance and therefore, they set the outline of their study on the comparative line among the three types of schools: home school, private school, and public school. As a result, the study apparently loses the rudimentary trait, but other reviews of literatures that Sutton and Galloway refer in their study make a clear and harmonious relation with the purpose of their study. Their literature reviews clearly assess the level of performance and success of these schools. The procedure of the study appears to in fair concordance with the holistic purpose. The researchers prudently selected the participants from the balanced proportional ranges in order to encapsulate the whole country and to avoid the marginal bias. Participants of the study aptly represent the all of the 50 states and 48 foreign countries; though the study must confront the question whether each school individually represented all of the states of the country, the numbers of none of these schools equate the numbers of the states. So the question arises whether the fragmental number of each school fairly represents all of the same types of schools in the whole country. However, the representational integrity of the participants of each school seemed to compensate the lack of the representation of all the schools of the whole country. One hundred and eighty sample students of 1992-3 academic years were taken from the Liberal Arts University and they were compared school-wise with thos e who completed their graduation in 1997. Determining the rate of representation of the students with the use of Chi-square scale and considering the effect of the socioeconomic status of the students the data were intended on an all-embracing set of 40 indicators. Indeed their procedure of the

Conflict Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conflict - Coursework Example Relationship conflicts arise between two or more people. It can be between intimate relations or people from due to miscommunication, negative behavior and emotions and stereotype reasons. Larry Alan Nadig who is a family therapist, marriage and clinical psychologist there is no relationship that does not face conflicts. He also says that conflict in a relationship is not necessarily a bad thing. It can teach self-awareness; a person learns about his shortcomings such as communication problems and behavioral and relationship issues. It is often said that conflicts can also make relationships stronger. In a workplace however conflict is more of a negative thing which is why employers try their best to avoid such situations (Boles et al, 2001) According to recent findings conflict at work can also have a positive side (Tjosvold, 1991; Amason and Schweiger, 1994; Jehn, 1994, 1995; Van de Vliert and De Dreu, 1994; Pelled, 1996) for example task-related management team conflict which impr oves growth and overall performance in the organization (Eisenhardt and Schoonhoven, 1990). Data conflicts are raised due to misinformation, insufficiency of information that is required for making the right decision. Sometimes relevance of data is different for different people and so is the way it is collected and communicated. If the data possessed by two different parties is different there is a conflict of data between them. Interest conflicts come into play when two people have different interests because their needs differ from each other. These disputes might be related to issues of money, trust and resources (Thompson, 1993). Conflicts of interest (COI) are basically circumstances forming a risk that a professional decision can be effected by a secondary interest. These conflictscan also be called a conflict of duties. There are five types of conflicts of interest; self-dealing, outside employment, family interests, gifts from friends who are in the same business as them an d pump and dump in which stock brokers inflate prices of a security by spreading rumors about it according to his own interest. Structural conflicts occur due to geographic factors or time constraints. These may also happen because of inadequate physical resources or organizational changes. These types of conflicts have structural solutions if they are mediated in the right way. They are not in the control of the individuals and are caused mainly by external factors therefore solving these conflicts can require the help of external agents meaning anantagonist; a person who are not directly involved in the quarrel. This is the structural conflict theory; the people who have nothing to do with how the conflict started have to help resolve it. There are two types of structural conflicts; symmetrical and complementary schizogenesis. The first kind is one where a lot of negative thoughts and feelings lead to a structural breakdown between the two groups at odds. This leads to an eventual arms race. The second type is the opposite of this situation. Instead of being both parties being hostile the response is more submissive. Surprising as it may seem this scenario tends to escalate a conflict and is more of a compromise rather than being the solution to the problem. The fifth type of conflict is a conflict of values which occurs when individuals form a different group of beliefs or values are in opposition. The clash happens when one person tries to force his belief on the other person. This